Which of the following methods is most commonly used to diagnose kidney stones?

The most commonly used method to diagnose kidney stones is through imaging studies, such as X-rays, CT scans, or ultrasounds. These imaging techniques are highly effective in visualizing the stones' location, size, and number within the urinary tract, which is critical for determining the appropriate treatment plan.

CT scans, particularly non-contrast helical CT, are considered the gold standard for diagnosing kidney stones due to their high sensitivity and specificity. They can detect even small stones that might be missed on regular X-rays. Ultrasounds can also be used, especially in certain clinical situations or for patients who may need to avoid radiation exposure. X-rays can sometimes identify larger stones but might not be as effective for smaller ones.

While blood tests and urine analysis can provide supportive information, such as identifying complications or underlying metabolic issues, they do not effectively visualize stones. A physical examination may help in assessing symptoms but cannot definitively diagnose kidney stones. Therefore, imaging studies represent the primary diagnostic tool for kidney stones due to their detailed and accurate representation of the urinary system.