Which medication class can be a first-line treatment for overactive bladder?

Anticholinergics are considered a first-line treatment for overactive bladder due to their effectiveness in reducing involuntary bladder contractions and increasing bladder capacity. These medications work by blocking the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter involved in signaling the bladder to contract. By inhibiting this signaling, anticholinergics help alleviate the symptoms of overactive bladder such as urgency, frequency, and urge incontinence.

In contrast, other medication classes listed do not directly address the underlying mechanism of overactive bladder. Antibiotics are typically used to treat infections, which may not be relevant in all cases of overactive bladder. Alpha-blockers primarily target urinary symptoms related to prostate enlargement rather than bladder control. Diuretics, while useful in managing fluid retention or hypertension, can increase urinary frequency, potentially exacerbating the symptoms of overactive bladder. Thus, anticholinergics are specifically designed to manage overactive bladder symptoms effectively, making them the appropriate choice for first-line treatment.