What screening method is commonly used for cervical cancer?

The Pap smear is a screening method specifically designed to detect cervical cancer and its precursors. During this procedure, cells from the cervix are collected and examined under a microscope to identify any abnormal changes that could indicate the presence of cancer or conditions that may lead to cancer. This screening is an essential tool in reducing the incidence and mortality associated with cervical cancer, as it allows for early detection and treatment of abnormal cells before they can develop into invasive cancer.

In contrast, other screening methods listed serve different purposes. The digital rectal exam is typically used to assess the prostate gland and can help in detecting prostate abnormalities. Colonoscopy is a procedure aimed at examining the colon for abnormalities or cancer, primarily related to colorectal cancer. A mammogram is a specialized X-ray used to screen for breast cancer and is not applicable for cervical cancer screening. Therefore, the Pap smear is the most relevant and effective method for screening specifically for cervical cancer.