What is the significance of the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test?

The prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test is significant primarily because it serves as a screening tool for prostate cancer and other prostate-related conditions. PSA is a protein produced by the prostate gland, and its levels in the blood can provide insights into prostate health. Elevated levels of PSA may indicate the presence of prostate cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), or prostatitis, allowing for further diagnostic evaluation.

The ability of the PSA test to identify potential issues in the prostate makes it an important component of early detection strategies for prostate cancer, especially in men who are at higher risk due to age or family history. This proactive approach can lead to earlier intervention and management of prostate-related diseases, which can be crucial for improving outcomes.

In contrast to the other options, the PSA test does not measure kidney function, assess bladder capacity, or indicate urinary tract infections. Each of these conditions relies on different diagnostic measures, emphasizing the focused utility of the PSA test in evaluating prostate health specifically.