What is the primary method for diagnosing sexually transmitted infections (STIs)?

The primary method for diagnosing sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is laboratory testing. This approach is essential because it allows for the accurate identification of the specific pathogens responsible for the infection. Laboratory tests can include a variety of methods such as nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs), cultures, and serological tests, which can detect bacteria, viruses, and other infectious agents directly, as well as assess the body's immune response to infections.

While physical examination can provide important clinical signs that may suggest an STI, it is not definitive for diagnosis. Medical history review and symptom assessment are valuable for identifying potential risks and symptoms that warrant further investigation, but they cannot confirm the presence or absence of an STI without laboratory confirmation. Thus, laboratory testing stands out as the most reliable and definitive method for diagnosing STIs.