What is the primary characteristic of polycystic kidney disease?

Polycystic kidney disease is primarily characterized by the development of numerous fluid-filled cysts in the kidneys. These cysts can vary in size and can significantly impact kidney function over time. As the disease progresses, the accumulation of cysts can lead to kidney enlargement, disrupt normal kidney architecture, and interfere with the organ's ability to filter waste effectively.

While the formation of tumors, kidney stones, and abnormal kidney size may be associated with kidney disease in general, they do not define polycystic kidney disease specifically. The hallmark feature is the cyst formation, which is crucial for the diagnosis and understanding of the condition. The management and implications of polycystic kidney disease revolve around the progression and complications arising from these cysts, making this characteristic fundamental to the disease's identity.