What is the potential consequence of untreated urinary tract infections in patients with CKD?

Untreated urinary tract infections (UTIs) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) can lead to significant complications, the most critical of which is the progression to kidney damage. When a UTI is allowed to persist, the infection can ascend from the bladder to the kidneys, leading to acute pyelonephritis. This condition can exacerbate the existing impairment of kidney function inherent to CKD.

The kidneys play a vital role in filtering waste from the blood and maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance. The presence of infection can increase inflammation and further compromise kidney function. In patients with already diminished renal capacity due to CKD, this can accelerate the decline in renal health, potentially leading to end-stage renal disease.

Other options do not reflect the realities of what untreated UTIs can lead to in CKD patients. For instance, increased energy levels and improved kidney function are not outcomes that would realistically occur with an untreated infection. Likewise, rather than decreasing the risk of complications, an unresolved UTI increases the likelihood of serious health issues, including potential sepsis, which can be life-threatening. Therefore, recognizing and treating UTIs promptly in CKD patients is crucial for preventing further renal deterioration.