What is a primary reason for performing a cystoscopy?

Performing a cystoscopy primarily allows for the direct visual inspection of the bladder and urethra. This procedure involves inserting a thin, flexible tube equipped with a camera into the bladder through the urethra. By doing so, healthcare providers can identify any abnormalities such as tumors, stones, inflammation, or lesions that may not be detectable through imaging studies alone.

While other options present important procedures or assessments related to genitourinary health, they do not align with the key purpose of a cystoscopy. For example, biopsies of the kidney, measurement of urine flow rates, and assessment of prostate enlargement are typically achieved through different methods or specific tools that are distinct from a cystoscopic examination. Thus, option B stands out as the most accurate representation of the primary reason for conducting a cystoscopy.